Is keeping chickens economically viable?

Chicken Coop

Chicken Coop

From the end of December to April, we are at the coast in a city. We keep the chickens in a coop with a hen house and run on the top terrace.The same system could be used by anyone with just a few metres of free space even in a city.

I thought it would be interesting to work out the viability of keeping a few free-range chickens and selling the surplus eggs to friends and family. We want to answer these 3 questions: 

How much does it cost? 
Is there any profit?
Is it worthwhile?  

Wooden Chicken Coop

Wooden Chicken Coop

Here are the results of our experiment:

Starting on 26th December 2013, we decided to sell our surplus eggs to friends. There are 7 chickens in a wooden henhouse and chicken run.

Details of experiment:
Duration: 52 days from 26th Dec 2013 -15th Feb 2014
Total eggs laid: 207

Expenses:
Chicken food:
14 euros for 25kg chicken food
7 euros for 14kg loose wheat
3 euros for a bale of straw
Total: 24 euros

Two chickens

Two chickens: these are two of this year’s newly hatched hens (with white ears)

Income:
The eggs were sold at slightly below the price of free range eggs in the supermarket.
The average price of the eggs was 1.30 euros for 6 medium eggs (54-63 grams), 1.50 euros for 6 large eggs (64-73 grams) and 1.70 euros for 6 extra large eggs (84-93 grams).
207 eggs were sold for 49 euros.

By now, all of the 4 new hens were laying medium-sized eggs and the older eggs were laying large-extra large eggs.

Profit: 25 euros
Profit per day: 48 cents

Infrastructure costs:
7 hens 56 euros. Three of the chickens were bought and four were raised from eggs. The cost of buying a laying hen is 8 euros per bird.

Chicken coop: 120 euros

The full infrastructure costs are 176 euros.

It would take an entire year to recoup the investment if the cost of the chickens and their coop is included.

Once the infrastructure costs have been covered, there would be a profit of 174 euros per year.

Conclusion:
Most people would not consider keeping chickens on a small scale to be economically viable if only the amount of work and the amount of financial gain is considered.

However, it seems to be worthwhile if you consider it to be a pleasant hobby.

There are other advantages which cannot be judged on financial terms and which override the purely commercial concerns and may explain why we continue to do it.

These are the following:
The taste and quality of the eggs is very high.
The chickens appear to be happy and much happier than commercially-reared birds.
A by-product of the chickens is highly nitrogenous  manure which is very useful on the garden.
Happy chickens are amusing to watch.
We like the sounds they make.
Eggs are very easy to sell and most people are very happy to buy them even though they are more expensive than supermarket eggs.
The packaging (egg boxes) can be reused.

Keeping chickens also has a some negative aspects.
These are the following:
A chicken coop does not smell very good albeit for only a fairly small radius.
It would be unfeasible to spend money on vet’s fees for a chickens. If a bird has a health problem such as a prolapsed vent, it would be necessary to kill it humanely. Someone must be willing to do this.
If you raise the chicken from eggs, the male birds must be killed. This could be distressing for vegetarians.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Baba Ghanoush Recipe

Baba Ghanoush Recipe

aubergines

Aubergines from the huerto

This baba ghanoush recipe was an excellent remedy for the glut of augergines (egg plants)  that we have in the vegetable garden this August.

INGREDIENTS:
3/4 large aubergines, thickly sliced lengthways
4 garlic cloves, finely chopped
1/3 cup of olive oil
1/4 cup of lemon juice
pinch of ground cumin
parsley or other fresh herbs
salt and pepper
tahini (optional)

Salt the aubergines and leave for 30 minutes to remove as much liquid as possible.
Grill the aubergines on a BBQ or griddle pan until soft.
Purée the aubergine in a food processor or mash with a fork.
Mix in the garlic, olive oil, lemon juice and the cumin and herbs.
Season with salt and pepper to taste, adding more lemon juice or tahini if needed.
Serve with vegetable batons (carrot, cucumber, celery, etc.), bread or corn chips as a dip.

Baba ghanoush

Baba ghanoush

 

50 litre solar hot water heater for only 71 euros.

Black platic tubes

32mm tubes for solar hot water

 The temperature of our cold water supply is very cold maybe 5C. When this water is mixed into the solar hot water tank it cools the rest of the water down considerably.

We got ripped off for 1200 euros by a company called http://tutiendasolar.com/ (We paid them for a solar hot water system which they were never able to deliver.) So I did not have an appetite to spend any more money.

I realised  that if we could increase the temperature of the water supply it would increase the efficiency of the hot water system.

I bought 100 metres of black 32mm PVC agricultural tubing which can withstand 8 atmopheres for 57 euros. The two brass connectors cost 7 euros each so that brings the total to 71 euros.

To calculate the amount of water in the tube you use this formula.

Length of pipe x Pi x Radius of pipe

In our case:

100m x 3.142 x 1.6cm = 502.72 cc

That is 50 litres.

According to my calculations:
If the water in the tube could get to 38C it would be enough for an  8 minute shower at 6 litres per minute.

Here are some other calculations:

To compare the cost of heating the water in this tube with an electric water heater we need this calculation:
We are heating 50 litres of water by 35C (from 5C to 40C)

The formula I have is imperial:
weight of water in pounds x  temp increase in deg Farenheit /3413 = KWH used by an electric heater.

The metric figures are:
55 kilos = 110 pounds
35C = 95 farenheit

SO
110 x 95/3413 = 3.061822 KWH

The average price of electrity in Spain is  0.19 per KWH
SO
3.061822 x 0.19 = 0.58

Each time the tubes heat enough water to have an 8 minute shower it theoretically saves 58 euro cents.
The supplementary water system will pay for itself after 122 showers.
Let’s assume that there are always 5 people here and they have showers on average 5 times per week. That is  25 showers per week.

This system should pay for itself in about 5 weeks.

According to carbonfund.org the carbon emissions of electricity are :-
0.0005925 metric tons CO2 per kWh

If there are 5 people here having 5 showers per week that is 1300 showers per year
If each shower uses 3.061822 KWH that is 3980 KWH saved per year (or 756 euros)

This means that we theoretically  save 2.35 metric tons of CO2 being emitted per year.

Maybe you can find an error with my figures but it seems that solar water heating makes sense.

See another solar water: How to make a batch water heater

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

How to Design a Domestic Solar Photovoltaic System

 

solar panels

Our solar system. The solar panels are – 5 x 190 watts + 1 x 300 watts + 2 x 150 watts

 

INTRODUCTION:

If you are thinking of installing a solar energy  system in your off grid home it is very important to understand the basics of system design. It is best not to leave all the decisions to a salesperson.  It is very important to make the right decisions about battery size because old batteries cannot be mixed with new ones. So it it will not be possible to buy some supplementary batteries if you don’t have enough.

1. Calculate how much power you use

You have to find out how many kilowatt hours you use. A kilowatt hour or kWh is 1000 watts used for 1 hour.For example  If you have a 2000 watt fire on for 2 hours it will have consumed 4 kWh.
If you have an on-grid house the  electricity bill from the electricity company states the amount of kWh that you have used. This could be a way of finding out how much electricity you use although it is very likely that you would be much more generous in your use of electricity  if you are on-grid.  Another way to find out how much energy you use is to use devices to measure electricity use. If these are not possible you will have to calculate your daily kWh by making a list of all electrical devices  and calculating their energy use. If you want to know exactly how many watts each device uses it is possible to buy a plug-in  Electricity Usage Monitor. You plug the device into it and it tells you the amount of watts being used.

To calculate the daily kWh  use this formula.
(hours used X watts) divided by 1000 = kWh

 2. Find out how much sunlight you get.

To be continued…..
I also wrote a calculator to help you decide what you need.
http://crazycalculations.com/solar_power/index.php

Our Domestic Solar Power System – Specifications

Domestic solar power system

Domestic solar power system

OUR SOLAR ELECTRIC SYSTEM

These are the specifications of our system. It is not a system which should be copied because it is a system which was inherited and then added to. If I was designing it from scratch I would make different decisions. The most important thing when designing a solar system is to buy enough battery power because it is very difficult to mix old batteries with new batteries. You may notice in the photo above that there are 3 charge controllers with 3 sets of panels. This does not seem to be a problem.

For a lot of the time it serves 7 people with a swimming pool pump, fridge, freezer etc. If the sun is shining I can boil water in a kettle. 

See also my solar power tutorial

System Voltage: 24V

Solar Panels:

  • 2 X 125 watt panels. Connected to a Leo Atersa charge controller
  • 3 X 190 watt panels. Connected to Victron MPPT  charge controller
  • 1 X 300 watt panel + 2 X 190 watt panels Connected to Solener PWM charge controller

Batteries: 24 volt system

12 of the following battery cells

Classic 5 OPzS 380 2v Solar Liquid Cell
Voltage: 2V
Capacity: 380Ah @ c120

This should provide 9.1 Kwh (1000 watts for 9 hours)

Inverter: Victron 24 volt 2000 watts. LVC 28.8 volts
For the washing machine: Atersa 750 watt.

Battery charger Tudor 30amps.

Generators:
Honda 2500 watts
Honda 450 + 900 watts dual.

IMAGES:

Leo charge controller